{"id":725,"date":"2024-07-04T17:21:31","date_gmt":"2024-07-04T11:51:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/study.madeeasy.in\/?p=725"},"modified":"2025-07-16T14:57:28","modified_gmt":"2025-07-16T09:27:28","slug":"horizontal-curve-s","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.madeeasy.in\/study\/ce\/surveying\/horizontal-curve-s","title":{"rendered":"HORIZONTAL CURVE S"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Horizontal curve joins the two intersecting lines which lie in a horizontal plane. e.g. Curve provided to connect two roads meeting at an angle. Horizontal curves are further classified as:<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">(a) Simple circular curve<br \/>(b) Compound curve<br \/>(c) Reverse curve<br \/>(d) Transition curve<br \/>(e) Combined curve<br \/>(f) Broken-back curve<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Note:<\/strong> Compound and reverse curves are provided for low speed, roads and railways.<\/p>\r\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_79_1 ez-toc-wrap-left counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-light-blue ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.madeeasy.in\/study\/ce\/surveying\/horizontal-curve-s\/#Simple-Circular-Curve\" >Simple Circular Curve<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.madeeasy.in\/study\/ce\/surveying\/horizontal-curve-s\/#Compound-Curve\" >Compound Curve<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.madeeasy.in\/study\/ce\/surveying\/horizontal-curve-s\/#Reverse-Curve\" >Reverse Curve<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.madeeasy.in\/study\/ce\/surveying\/horizontal-curve-s\/#Transition-Curve\" >Transition Curve<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.madeeasy.in\/study\/ce\/surveying\/horizontal-curve-s\/#Combined-Curve\" >Combined Curve<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.madeeasy.in\/study\/ce\/surveying\/horizontal-curve-s\/#Broken-back-Curve\" >Broken-back Curve<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Simple-Circular-Curve\"><\/span>Simple Circular Curve<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\r\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\r\n<li>A simple circular curve has the property that it connects two straight lines with a curve of constant radius at all the points on the curve and connects the two straight lines tangentially. In Figure, <em>T<\/em><sub>1<\/sub><em>TT<\/em><sub>2<\/sub> is a simple circular curve.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-440 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/study.madeeasy.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Simple-circular-curve.jpg\" alt=\"Simple circular curve\" width=\"240\" height=\"234\" \/><\/p>\r\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Compound-Curve\"><\/span>Compound Curve<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\r\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\r\n<li>Many a times it is not possible to provide a curve of constant radius to connect the two straight lines. In that case, we provide more than one curve of different radii to connect them.<\/li>\r\n<li>When all the curves turn in the same direction then the resulting curve is called as compound curve. In Figure, <em>T<\/em>1<em>T <\/em>and <em>TT<\/em>2 are the two curves of different radii <em>R<\/em>1 and <em>R<\/em><sub>2<\/sub> respectively which take turn in the same direction.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-441 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/study.madeeasy.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/compound-curve.jpg\" alt=\" Compound Curve\" width=\"233\" height=\"215\" \/><\/p>\r\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Reverse-Curve\"><\/span>Reverse Curve<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\r\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\r\n<li>In this type of curve, the two curves of different radii R1 and R2 take turn in opposite directions as shown in Figure<\/li>\r\n<li>These types of curves are also called as serpentine curve or curve the S curve because of their shape.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-442 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/study.madeeasy.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/reverse-curve.jpg\" alt=\"Reverse Curve\" width=\"253\" height=\"189\" \/><\/p>\r\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Transition-Curve\"><\/span>Transition Curve<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\r\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\r\n<li>While going through a straight road, if a curve is suddenly encountered, we feel a jerk. In order to avoid such a sudden jerk, it is essential that the transition from the straight line to the curve takes place gradually and NOT suddenly. Thus a curve of varying radius is provided which takes off from the straight line, turns gradually and finally meets the curve i.e. attains the same radius as that of the curve. This type of curve is called as transition curve as shown in Figure. It is also called as easement curve.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-443 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/study.madeeasy.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Transition-Curve.jpg\" alt=\"Transition Curve\" width=\"329\" height=\"278\" \/><\/p>\r\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Combined-Curve\"><\/span>Combined Curve<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\r\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\r\n<li>It is a combination of simple and transition curves and is invariably provided in all types of highways and railways.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Broken-back-Curve\"><\/span>Broken-back Curve<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\r\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\r\n<li>This is a very old type of curve used in the past wherein a straight line was provided in between the circular curves as shown in Figure. This type of curve is not suitable for high speed maneuvering and is not used these days.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-444 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/study.madeeasy.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/broken-back-curve.jpg\" alt=\"Broken Back Curve\" width=\"328\" height=\"187\" \/><\/p>\r\n\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a class=\"btn btn-danger\" role=\"button\" href=\"https:\/\/study.madeeasy.in\/ce\/surveying\/computation-of-latitude-and-departure\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">&lt;&lt; Previous<\/a> | <a class=\"btn btn-success\" role=\"button\" href=\"https:\/\/study.madeeasy.in\/ce\/surveying\/vertical-curves\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> Next &gt;&gt;<\/a> <br \/><strong> Must Read: <\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/study.madeeasy.in\/subjects\/what-is-surveying\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>What is Surveying?<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Horizontal curve joins the two intersecting lines which lie in a horizontal plane. e.g. Curve provided to connect two roads<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[203,2],"tags":[247,248,249,250,251,252],"class_list":["post-725","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-surveying","category-ce","tag-broken-back-curve","tag-combined-curve","tag-compound-curve","tag-reverse-curve","tag-simple-circular-curve","tag-transition-curve"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.madeeasy.in\/study\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/725","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.madeeasy.in\/study\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.madeeasy.in\/study\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.madeeasy.in\/study\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.madeeasy.in\/study\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=725"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.madeeasy.in\/study\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/725\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.madeeasy.in\/study\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=725"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.madeeasy.in\/study\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=725"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.madeeasy.in\/study\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=725"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}