{"id":4659,"date":"2025-04-14T09:54:05","date_gmt":"2025-04-14T04:24:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/study.madeeasy.in\/?p=4659"},"modified":"2025-07-22T15:14:13","modified_gmt":"2025-07-22T09:44:13","slug":"two-port-network","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.madeeasy.in\/study\/ee\/types-of-laws\/two-port-network","title":{"rendered":"Two Port Network"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">INTRODUCTION<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">A pair of terminals through which a current may enter or leave a network is known as a port. Most of the circuits we have dealt with so far are two-terminal or one-port circuits, represented in fig. (a). We have considered the voltage across or current through a single pair of terminals-such as the two terminals of a resistor, a capacitor, or an inductor. We have also studied four-terminal or two-port circuit involving op-amps, transistors and transformer as shown in fig. (b). Thus, we can say that a two-port network is an electrical network with separate ports for input and output.<br \/>\nIn general, a network may have n ports. In this chapter, we are mainly concerned with two-port networks (or simply, two ports).<\/p>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_79_1 ez-toc-wrap-left counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-light-blue ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.madeeasy.in\/study\/ee\/types-of-laws\/two-port-network\/#Network-Parameters\" >Network Parameters<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.madeeasy.in\/study\/ee\/types-of-laws\/two-port-network\/#Conditions-for-a-network-to-be-symmetrical-and-reciprocal\" >Conditions for a network to be symmetrical and reciprocal<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Network-Parameters\"><\/span>Network Parameters<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">In two port network four variables are use (i.e., V1, V2, I1, I2) out of four variable, we can chose two variable in six different way (4C2), and hence we have six sets of two-port.<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>Z-parameters (Impedance parameters)<\/li>\n<li>Y-parameters (Admittance parameters)<\/li>\n<li>ABCD parameters (Transmission parameters)<\/li>\n<li>A\u2032 B\u2032 C\u2032 D\u2032 parameters (Inverse transmission parameters)<\/li>\n<li>h-parameters (Hybrid parameters)<\/li>\n<li>g-parameters (Inverse hybrid parameters)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong> Impedance or Z-parameters (Open circuit parameters)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">V<sub>1<\/sub> = Z<sub>11<\/sub>I<sub>1<\/sub> + Z<sub>12<\/sub>I<sub>2<\/sub> and V<sub>2<\/sub> = Z<sub>21<\/sub>I<sub>1<\/sub> + Z<sub>22<\/sub>I<sub>2<\/sub><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong> Admittance or Y-parameters (Short circuit parameters)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">I<sub>1<\/sub> = Y<sub>11<\/sub>V<sub>1<\/sub> + Y<sub>12<\/sub>V<sub>2<\/sub> and I<sub>2<\/sub> = Y<sub>21<\/sub>V<sub>1<\/sub> + Y<sub>22<\/sub>V<sub>1<\/sub><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong> h-parameters (Hybrid parameters)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">V<sub>1<\/sub> = h<sub>11<\/sub>I<sub>1<\/sub> + h<sub>12<\/sub>V<sub>2<\/sub> and I<sub>2<\/sub> = h<sub>21<\/sub>I<sub>1<\/sub> + h<sub>22<\/sub>V<sub>2<\/sub><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong> g-parameters (Inverse hybrid parameters)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">I<sub>1<\/sub> = g<sub>11<\/sub>V<sub>1<\/sub> + g<sub>12<\/sub>I<sub>2<\/sub> and V<sub>2<\/sub> = g<sub>21<\/sub>V<sub>1<\/sub> + g<sub>22<\/sub>I<sub>2<\/sub><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong> ABCD parameters (Transmission parameters)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">V<sub>1<\/sub> = AV<sub>2<\/sub> \u2013 BI<sub>2<\/sub> and I<sub>1<\/sub> = CV<sub>2<\/sub> \u2013 DI<sub>2<\/sub><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Conditions-for-a-network-to-be-symmetrical-and-reciprocal\"><\/span>Conditions for a network to be symmetrical and reciprocal<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-4660 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/study.madeeasy.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/reciprocal.jpg\" alt=\"Reciprocal\" width=\"175\" height=\"186\" \/><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>INTRODUCTION A pair of terminals through which a current may enter or leave a network is known as a port.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1362,5],"tags":[1395,1394,570,452],"class_list":["post-4659","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-types-of-laws","category-ee","tag-admittance","tag-g-parameters","tag-network-parameters","tag-reciprocal"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.madeeasy.in\/study\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4659","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.madeeasy.in\/study\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.madeeasy.in\/study\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.madeeasy.in\/study\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.madeeasy.in\/study\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4659"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.madeeasy.in\/study\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4659\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.madeeasy.in\/study\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4659"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.madeeasy.in\/study\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4659"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.madeeasy.in\/study\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4659"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}