{"id":4517,"date":"2025-03-22T16:21:27","date_gmt":"2025-03-22T10:51:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/study.madeeasy.in\/?p=4517"},"modified":"2025-03-22T16:21:27","modified_gmt":"2025-03-22T10:51:27","slug":"weekly-current-affairs-12-to-18-mar-2025","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.madeeasy.in\/study\/gk\/weekly-current-affairs-12-to-18-mar-2025","title":{"rendered":"Last Week Current Affairs: 12th MAR to 18th MAR 2025"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Prepare for your competitive exam with the latest weekly current affairs from 12th March to 18th March, 2025, with MADE EASY! Whether you are appearing for UPSC CSE, ESE IRMS, SSC JE, RRB JE, or state-level exams, being informed is the key to success in exams. The <strong>MADE EASY Current Affairs<\/strong> article will help you get major news like PM Modi&#8217;s Mauritius visit, the Starlink satellite update, and the Chandrayaan-5 development in one place, which you can easily understand. Read this article completely now and start preparing for the exam.<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">Important events you should not miss for exam success<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">This week&#8217;s highlights are very important to prepare for the upcoming exam! From the World Air Quality Report 2024 to the Balochistan train hijack, from Mission Amrit Sarovar to the Astra missile milestone, these topics are crucial for your next exam. This article by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.madeeasy.in\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">MADE EASY<\/a> analyzes all of these so that you are prepared for any question related to these that you may come across. Don&#8217;t wait\u2014read this article today and be one step ahead in your exam preparation!<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">Boost your exam score with targeted current affairs insights.<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Are you preparing for UPSC ESE, CSE, SSC JE, RRB JE, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.madeeasyprime.com\/exams\/state-exams\/uppsc-ae\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">UPPSC AE<\/a>, or any of the state-level exams and want to succeed in them? Knowledge is your strength, and we have you covered in detail in this article with updates on RBI&#8217;s Pravaah and Sarthi initiatives, SpaDeX Satellite, and much more. Our expert-prepared current affairs content is designed to help you succeed in these competitive exams. Read all the topics in detail below.<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\">Weekly Current Affairs: 12th March to 18th March 2025<\/h2>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_79_1 ez-toc-wrap-left counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-light-blue ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.madeeasy.in\/study\/gk\/weekly-current-affairs-12-to-18-mar-2025\/#PM-Modis-Visit-to-Mauritius-12-March-2024\" >PM Modi\u2019s Visit to Mauritius: 12 March 2024<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.madeeasy.in\/study\/gk\/weekly-current-affairs-12-to-18-mar-2025\/#Starlink-Satellite-12-March-2024\" >Starlink Satellite: 12 March 2024<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.madeeasy.in\/study\/gk\/weekly-current-affairs-12-to-18-mar-2025\/#World-Air-Quality-Report-2024-12-March-2024\" >World Air Quality Report 2024: 12 March 2024<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.madeeasy.in\/study\/gk\/weekly-current-affairs-12-to-18-mar-2025\/#Balochistan-Train-Hijack-13-March-2024\" >Balochistan Train Hijack: 13 March 2024<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.madeeasy.in\/study\/gk\/weekly-current-affairs-12-to-18-mar-2025\/#Mission-Amrit-Sarovar-13-March-2024\" >Mission Amrit Sarovar: 13 March 2024<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.madeeasy.in\/study\/gk\/weekly-current-affairs-12-to-18-mar-2025\/#Astra-Missile-13-March-2024\" >Astra Missile: 13 March 2024<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/www.madeeasy.in\/study\/gk\/weekly-current-affairs-12-to-18-mar-2025\/#Pi-%CF%80-Day-14-March-2024\" >Pi (\u03c0) Day: 14 March 2024<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/www.madeeasy.in\/study\/gk\/weekly-current-affairs-12-to-18-mar-2025\/#National-Code-Against-Age-Fraud-in-Sports-2025-14-March-2024\" >National Code Against Age Fraud in\u00a0Sports\u00a02025: 14 March 2024<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/www.madeeasy.in\/study\/gk\/weekly-current-affairs-12-to-18-mar-2025\/#Bongosagar-2025-15-March-2024\" >Bongosagar 2025: 15 March 2024<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/www.madeeasy.in\/study\/gk\/weekly-current-affairs-12-to-18-mar-2025\/#Chagos-Archipelago-15-March-2024\" >Chagos Archipelago: 15 March 2024<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/www.madeeasy.in\/study\/gk\/weekly-current-affairs-12-to-18-mar-2025\/#Vikram-3201-and-Kalpana-3201-Microprocessors-16-March-2024\" >Vikram 3201 and Kalpana 3201 Microprocessors: 16 March 2024<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/www.madeeasy.in\/study\/gk\/weekly-current-affairs-12-to-18-mar-2025\/#Supersolid-Light-16-March-2024\" >Supersolid Light: 16 March 2024<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/www.madeeasy.in\/study\/gk\/weekly-current-affairs-12-to-18-mar-2025\/#Chandrayaan-5-Mission-17-March-2024\" >Chandrayaan-5 Mission: 17 March 2024<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/www.madeeasy.in\/study\/gk\/weekly-current-affairs-12-to-18-mar-2025\/#Five-Eyes-Intelligence-Alliance-17-March-2024\" >Five Eyes Intelligence Alliance: 17 March 2024<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/www.madeeasy.in\/study\/gk\/weekly-current-affairs-12-to-18-mar-2025\/#RBIs-Pravaah-and-Sarthi-Initiatives-17-March-2024\" >RBI\u2019s Pravaah and Sarthi Initiatives: 17 March 2024<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/www.madeeasy.in\/study\/gk\/weekly-current-affairs-12-to-18-mar-2025\/#SpaDeX-Satellites-18-March-2024\" >SpaDeX Satellites: 18 March 2024<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/www.madeeasy.in\/study\/gk\/weekly-current-affairs-12-to-18-mar-2025\/#National-Mission-on-Monuments-and-Antiquities-NMMA-18-March-2024\" >National Mission on Monuments and Antiquities (NMMA): 18 March 2024<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/www.madeeasy.in\/study\/gk\/weekly-current-affairs-12-to-18-mar-2025\/#MADE-EASY-Offline-and-Online-Courses\" >MADE EASY Offline and Online Courses<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/www.madeeasy.in\/study\/gk\/weekly-current-affairs-12-to-18-mar-2025\/#Are-you-looking-for-Current-Affairs-2024\" >Are you looking for Current Affairs 2024?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"PM-Modis-Visit-to-Mauritius-12-March-2024\"><\/span><strong>PM Modi\u2019s Visit to Mauritius<\/strong>: 12 March 2024<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Context<\/strong>: The <a href=\"https:\/\/study.madeeasy.in\/gk\/last-week-current-affairs-29th-jan-to-4th-feb-2025\/#International-Big-Cat-Alliance-IBCA-4-February-2025\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Prime Minister Narendra Modi<\/a> paid a state visit to Mauritius. He was the\u00a0Chief Guest\u00a0at\u00a0Mauritius\u2019 National Day Celebrations on March 12.<\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Key Highlights of the Visit<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong>MOUs Signed:<\/strong>\u00a0Includes training civil servants, small and medium enterprises, blue economy development, combating financial crimes, and local currency settlement for trade.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Indian Rupee Credit Line:\u00a0<\/strong>A 487.6 crore INR line of credit for replacing water pipelines in Mauritius, a first-ever INR-based credit line.<\/li>\n<li><strong>White-Shipping Agreement:<\/strong>\u00a0Technical agreement for maritime security and information exchange.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Award Conferred:\u00a0<\/strong>PM Modi received the\u00a0<strong>Grand Commander of the Order of the Star and Key of the Indian Ocean,<\/strong>\u00a0marking him as the<strong>\u00a0first Indian recipient<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Vision for the Global South:<\/strong>\u00a0PM introduced\u00a0<strong>Vision MAHASAGAR<\/strong>\u00a0(Mutual And Holistic Advancement for Security And Growth Across Regions), building on the previous Vision SAGAR.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>About Mauritius<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>Mauritius is a strategically located island nation in the western Indian Ocean, close to India.<\/li>\n<li>Nearly 70% of the population (1.2 million) of Mauritius is of Indian origin, strengthening ties with India.<\/li>\n<li>Mauritius was initially a French colony before becoming a British possession.<\/li>\n<li>Mauritius celebrates National Day on March 12, in honor of the date of Mahatma Gandhi\u2019s Dandi March.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>India- Mauritius Relations<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong>Diplomatic Relations:<\/strong>\u00a0India and Mauritius established diplomatic relations in\u00a01948<strong>\u00a0<\/strong>and have become key trading partners in the Asian continent.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Commercial Relations:<\/strong>\u00a0For the FY 2022-2023, Indian exports to Mauritius was USD 462.69 mn, Mauritian exports to India was USD 91.50 mn and Total trade was USD 554.19 mn.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Double Taxation Avoidance Agreement:\u00a0<\/strong>Signed in 1982 to help non-resident investors avoid double taxes.<\/li>\n<li><strong>FDI Source:\u00a0<\/strong>Mauritius is the second-largest source of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) into India for FY 2023-24, after Singapore.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Defence Relations:\u00a0<\/strong>India is Mauritius\u2019 preferred defence partner for acquiring platforms, capacity building, joint patrolling, hydrological services, etc.<\/li>\n<li><strong>First Agreement:\u00a0<\/strong>Transfer of a Dornier aircraft and an Advanced Light Helicopter (Dhruv) to Mauritius on lease.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Second Agreement:\u00a0<\/strong>A $100 million Line of Credit (LoC) for Mauritius to procure defence equipment.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Space Cooperation:<\/strong>\u00a0India and Mauritius are exploring space research opportunities and signed an MoU in November 2023 for developing a joint satellite.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Development Partnership:\u00a0<\/strong>India has been contributing to projects like the Metro Express, new hospitals, and infrastructure in Agal\u00e9ga Island.<\/li>\n<li><strong>SAGAR:<\/strong>\u00a0The term SAGAR \u2013 \u2018Security and Growth for All in the Region\u2019\u00a0was coined by the PM in\u00a02015<strong>\u00a0<\/strong>during his visit with a focus on the blue economy.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Starlink-Satellite-12-March-2024\"><\/span><strong>Starlink Satellite<\/strong>: 12 March 2024<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Context: <\/strong>Elon Musk-owned SpaceX has secured agreements with Airtel and Jio to distribute Starlink, its satellite internet service.<\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>About Satellite Internet<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>Satellite internet is a wireless communication technology that provides broadband services using satellites orbiting the Earth. Unlike fiber-optic or mobile networks, which rely on ground infrastructure, satellite internet beams data from space-based satellites to user terminals on Earth.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Types:\u00a0<\/strong>Geostationary Orbit (GEO) Satellites (e.g., VSAT services)\n<ul>\n<li>Low-Earth Orbit (LEO) Satellites (e.g., Starlink, OneWeb)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Starlink is SpaceX\u2019s satellite internet\u00a0service that operates using a constellation of LEO satellites (over 7,000 satellites in orbit).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"World-Air-Quality-Report-2024-12-March-2024\"><\/span><strong>World Air Quality Report 2024<\/strong>: 12 March 2024<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Context<\/strong>: According to the\u00a0World Air Quality Report 2024,\u00a0thirteen\u00a0of the world\u2019s top 20 most polluted cities are in India, with\u00a0Byrnihat on the Assam-Meghalaya border being the most polluted.<\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Key Findings<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>India is the\u00a0fifth most polluted country\u00a0in the world, with an average Air Quality Index (AQI) of\u00a050.6 \u03bcg\/m<sup>3<\/sup>\u00a0\u2013 10 times higher than the <a href=\"https:\/\/study.madeeasy.in\/gk\/5-to-11-february-2025-weekly-current-affairs\/#US-Withdrawal-from-International-Forums-5-February-2025\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">World Health Organization\u2019s (WHO)<\/a> annual PM2.5 guideline value of\u00a05 \u03bcg\/m<sup>3<\/sup>.<\/li>\n<li>In 2023, India was the third most polluted country.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4525 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/study.madeeasy.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/most-polluted-cities-in-the-world.jpg\" alt=\"World Air Quality Report 2024\" width=\"554\" height=\"350\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.madeeasy.in\/study\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/most-polluted-cities-in-the-world.jpg 554w, https:\/\/www.madeeasy.in\/study\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/most-polluted-cities-in-the-world-300x190.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 554px) 100vw, 554px\" \/><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>Delhi continues to be the most polluted Capital city in the world with an average PM 2.5 concentration of\u00a091.8 \u03bcg\/m<sup>3<\/sup>.<\/li>\n<li>Out of the 138 countries and regions,\u00a0126 (91.3%)\u00a0exceeded the WHO annual PM2.5 guideline value of 5 \u03bcg\/m<sup>3<\/sup>. Only\u00a017%\u00a0of global cities met WHO air pollution guidelines.<\/li>\n<li>PM2.5 concentrations decreased in every country in Southeast Asia, though trans-boundary haze and lingering El Ni\u00f1o conditions remain major factors.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Balochistan-Train-Hijack-13-March-2024\"><\/span><strong>Balochistan Train Hijack<\/strong>: 13 March 2024<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Context<\/strong>: The\u00a0Balochistan Liberation Army (BLA)<strong>\u00a0<\/strong>has claimed responsibility for hijacking the Jaffar Express.<\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>About Balochistan<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>It is the\u00a0largest\u00a0but\u00a0least populated of Pakistan\u2019s four provinces \u2013\u00a0Balochistan, Sindh, Punjab and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ethnic Groups:<\/strong>\u00a0Baloch, Brahui, and Pashtuns.<\/li>\n<li>It has\u00a0substantial reserves of oil and gas,\u00a0alongside gold and copper deposits, but has lagged in economic growth compared to other regions in the country.<\/li>\n<li>The province has been the site of a series of insurgencies, brutal state repression, and an enduring\u00a0Baloch nationalist movement since 1948.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4526 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/study.madeeasy.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/quetta.jpg\" alt=\"Balochistan Train Hijack\" width=\"385\" height=\"222\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.madeeasy.in\/study\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/quetta.jpg 385w, https:\/\/www.madeeasy.in\/study\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/quetta-300x173.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 385px) 100vw, 385px\" \/><\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>About Balochistan Liberation Army (BLA)<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>The BLA are a Baloch ethnonationalist group who emerged in the 2000s with the aim of achieving independence for Balochistan.<\/li>\n<li>Pakistan banned the organisation in\u00a02006, and the United States designated it as a global terrorist organisation in\u00a02019.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>India\u2019s Stand on Balochistan<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong>Complex\u00a0Position:\u00a0<\/strong>India\u2019s stance on Balochistan is shaped by geopolitics, regional stability, and its relationship with Pakistan. The India-Pakistan conflict over Kashmir makes any involvement in Balochistan a potential trigger for escalating tensions.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Support for Self-Determination:\u00a0<\/strong>India supports the right to self-determination for Balochistan\u2019s people but avoids interfering in Pakistan\u2019s internal affairs.<\/li>\n<li>Overall, India\u2019s stance on Balochistan involves\u00a0expressing concerns about human rights violations without interfering into the internal affairs.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Mission-Amrit-Sarovar-13-March-2024\"><\/span><strong>Mission Amrit Sarovar<\/strong>: 13 March 2024<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Context: <\/strong>The Indian Railways will dig ponds as part of the Union government\u2019s\u00a0<strong>Mission Amrit Sarova<\/strong>r that aims to address the critical issue of water scarcity in the country.<\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>About Mission Amrit Sarovar\u00a0<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>It was launched on April 24, 2022, to conserve water for the future by developing and rejuvenating ponds (Amrit Sarovars) across India.<\/li>\n<li>It aims to develop or\u00a0<strong>rejuvenate 75 Amrit Sarovars<\/strong>\u00a0in each district of India, totaling approximately 50,000 pounds nationwide.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Features:\u00a0<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>It is a \u201c<strong>Whole of Government\u201d approach<\/strong>\u00a0with participation from multiple ministries:<\/li>\n<li>Rural Development, Jal Shakti, Culture, Panchayati Raj, Environment, Forest &amp; Climate Change, and technical organizations.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>The works are being implemented by States and Districts with convergence from various ongoing schemes like:\n<ul>\n<li>Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGNREGS), 15th Finance Commission Grants, Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sichayi Yojna sub-schemes like Watershed Development Component and Har Khetko Pani.<\/li>\n<li>Public contributions such as crowdfunding and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) are allowed to support the initiative.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>Amrit Sarovars will provide opportunities for livelihood through activities such as irrigation, fisheries, duckery, water chestnut cultivation, water tourism, and other related activities.<\/li>\n<li>The ponds will act as social gathering points in the localities and serve as sites for flag hoisting on Independence Day.<\/li>\n<li>As of January 2025, over 68,000 Sarovars have been completed, improving surface and groundwater availability across various regions.<\/li>\n<li>Phase Two was launched with a focus on water availability, community participation (Jan Bhagidaari), strengthening climate resilience, and fostering ecological balance for lasting benefits.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Astra-Missile-13-March-2024\"><\/span><strong>Astra Missile<\/strong>: 13 March 2024<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Context: <\/strong>The indigenously-built Tejas light combat aircraft successfully test-fired the\u00a0<strong>Astra air-to-air missile<\/strong><strong>\u00a0<\/strong>off the coast of Chandipur, Odisha.<\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>About<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>Developed by the Defence Research and Development Organisation\u00a0<strong>(DRDO)<\/strong>, Astra is an advanced\u00a0<strong>beyond-visual-range air-to-air missile (BVRAAM)<\/strong>\u00a0designed to engage targets over\u00a0<strong>100 km away<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>Equipped with advanced guidance and navigation systems, it ensures\u00a0<strong>high precision<\/strong>\u00a0in target engagement.<\/li>\n<li>Inducted into the\u00a0<strong>Indian Air Force (IAF)<\/strong>, Astra strengthens India\u2019s air defense with its ability to achieve speeds exceeding\u00a0<strong>Mach 4<\/strong>\u00a0and reach a maximum altitude of\u00a0<strong>20 km<\/strong>, making it highly effective in air combat.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pi-%CF%80-Day-14-March-2024\"><\/span><strong>Pi (\u03c0) Day<\/strong>: 14 March 2024<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Context<\/strong>: Every year on\u00a0March 14, the world celebrates\u00a0Pi Day, a tribute to the mathematical constant\u00a0\u03c0 (pi). The date\u00a0(3\/14)\u00a0reflects the\u00a0first three digits of pi\u00a0i.e. 3.14.<\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>About the Pi (\u03c0)<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>Pi (\u03c0) is a\u00a0mathematical constant\u00a0that represents the ratio of a circle\u2019s circumference to its diameter.<\/li>\n<li>It is\u00a0an irrational number,\u00a0meaning it cannot be expressed as a\u00a0finite fraction or a terminating decimal.<\/li>\n<li>Pi is\u00a0approximately equal to 3.14159, but its decimal representation continues infinitely\u00a0without repetition or pattern.<\/li>\n<li>Pi has been known since ancient times and plays a crucial role in fields like geometry, trigonometry, physics, and engineering.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Significance<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong>Mathematical Significance:\u00a0<\/strong>Pi appears in formulas for\u00a0circles, waves, and many natural phenomena.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Promoting STEM Education:<\/strong>\u00a0Pi Day serves as an opportunity to promote interest in\u00a0science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Historical Coincidence:<\/strong>\u00a0Pi Day coincides with the\u00a0birth anniversary of Albert Einstein\u00a0(March 14, 1879).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"National-Code-Against-Age-Fraud-in-Sports-2025-14-March-2024\"><\/span><strong>National Code Against Age Fraud in\u00a0Sports\u00a02025<\/strong>: 14 March 2024<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Context:<\/strong> The Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports in India has released the Draft National Code Against Age Fraud in Sports (NCAAFS) 2025.<\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Key Highlights<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>This initiative aims to combat age fraud in\u00a0sports, ensuring fair competition and protecting genuine athletes.<\/li>\n<li>The NCAAFS addresses age verification, penalties, and governance in sports.<\/li>\n<li>The NCAAFS seeks to implement a robust verification system through a centralised database.<\/li>\n<li>The code introduces strict penalties for those involved in falsifying age records. It also enhances transparency and accountability in sports governance, aligning with international best practices.<\/li>\n<li>All athletes must submit three mandatory documents during registration. Their age will be recorded in a secure digital database. This database will permanently lock the verified age to prevent future manipulation.<\/li>\n<li>In cases of age discrepancies, medical examinations will be conducted using the TW3 method, MRI scans, and general physical and dental assessments.<\/li>\n<li>The NCAAFS enforces strict penalties for age fraud violations. A first offence results in a two-year ban and forfeiture of titles. A second offence leads to a lifetime ban and legal action. Coaches and officials found guilty will also face penalties.<\/li>\n<li>A secure platform will allow stakeholders to report age fraud anonymously. A reward system will encourage whistle-blowers to come forward with genuine reports.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Bongosagar-2025-15-March-2024\"><\/span><strong>Bongosagar 2025<\/strong>: 15 March 2024<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Context:<\/strong> The India-Bangladesh Naval Exercise Bongosagar 2025 recently took place in the Bay of Bengal.<\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Key Highlights<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>This event marked step in strengthening the bilateral military relationship between India and\u00a0Bangladesh.<\/li>\n<li>The exercise aimed to enhance maritime security through collaborative operations and interoperability between the two navies. INS Ranvir, a destroyer from the Indian Navy, and BNS Abu Ubaidah, a frigate from the Bangladesh Navy, were the main vessels involved.<\/li>\n<li>The primary goal of Bongosagar 2025 was to improve joint operational capabilities. This included enhancing coordination for maritime security challenges. The exercise aimed to facilitate seamless operations between the Indian Navy and the Bangladesh Navy.<\/li>\n<li>The exercise featured a diverse range of activities. These included surface firing exercises, tactical manoeuvres, and underway replenishment. Additional operations like Visit-Board-Search-Seizure (VBSS) drills and communication exercises were also conducted. These activities were designed to test and improve the operational readiness of both navies.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Significance<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>Bongosagar 2025 played important role in encouraging closer ties between India and Bangladesh. The exercise aimed to build trust and confidence in joint operations. This collaboration is vital for addressing regional security concerns.<\/li>\n<li>The exercise contributes to the broader Security and Growth for All in the Region (SAGAR) initiative. This initiative promotes stability and security in the Indian Ocean region. By enhancing naval cooperation, both countries aim to counter global security challenges effectively.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Chagos-Archipelago-15-March-2024\"><\/span><strong>Chagos Archipelago<\/strong>: 15 March 2024<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Context:<\/strong> The\u00a0Chagos Archipelago, located in the Indian Ocean, has been a focal point of territorial disputes between\u00a0Mauritius\u00a0and the United Kingdom.<\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Key Facts<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>The islands in Chagos Archipelago were under British control for decades after Mauritius gained independence in 1968.<\/li>\n<li>Recent developments have seen the UK formally acknowledge Mauritius\u2019 claims over the archipelago, but tensions remain, particularly regarding\u00a0Diego Garcia, which hosts USA military base.<\/li>\n<li>The US established a military base on Diego Garcia in the 1970s. The base became operational in 1986 and has since played important role in US military operations in the region.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4527 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/study.madeeasy.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/lakshadweep.jpg\" alt=\"Chagos Archipelago\" width=\"503\" height=\"387\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.madeeasy.in\/study\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/lakshadweep.jpg 503w, https:\/\/www.madeeasy.in\/study\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/lakshadweep-300x231.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 503px) 100vw, 503px\" \/><\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Historical Background<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>The Chagos Archipelago comprises over 60 islands, with Diego Garcia being the largest.<\/li>\n<li>Initially uninhabited, Chagos saw its first permanent settlements in the 18th century.<\/li>\n<li>The French claimed the islands in the 1700s, and later, British control was established after the Napoleonic Wars. The islands were used for plantations, relying on slave and indentured labour.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>About British Indian Ocean Territory<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>In 1965, the UK created the British Indian Ocean Territory (BIOT), which included Chagos. This move was part of a broader strategy to maintain military presence in the Indian Ocean during the Cold War.<\/li>\n<li>In 2017, the UN General Assembly requested the International Court of Justice (ICJ) to assess the legal status of the islands. The ICJ ruled in 2019 that the UK must end its administration over Chagos. The UN subsequently called for the UK to withdraw from the area.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Vikram-3201-and-Kalpana-3201-Microprocessors-16-March-2024\"><\/span><strong>Vikram 3201 and Kalpana 3201 Microprocessors<\/strong>: 16 March 2024<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Context:<\/strong> Recently, the <a href=\"https:\/\/blog.madeeasy.in\/isro-all-about-indian-space-research-organisation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO)<\/a> announced the development of two advanced 32-bit microprocessors, Vikram 3201 and Kalpana 3201.<\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Key Facts<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>Vikram 3201 and Kalpana 3201\u00a0processors\u00a0are designed for space applications and represent leap in India\u2019s indigenous technology capabilities. They were developed in collaboration with the Semiconductor Laboratory (SCL) in Chandigarh.<\/li>\n<li>Vikram 3201 is India\u2019s first fully indigenous 32-bit microprocessor. It is designed to withstand the harsh conditions of space. The\u00a0processor\u00a0supports floating-point computations and offers high-level language compatibility, particularly with Ada. The in-house development of software tools further enhances its functionality.<\/li>\n<li>Vikram 3201 was validated in the Mission Management Computer during the\u00a0PSLV Orbital Experimental Module\u00a0(POEM-4) mission. This successful validation puts stress on its reliability for future space missions.<\/li>\n<li>Kalpana 3201 is based on the SPARC V8 architecture. It is a Reduced Instruction Set Computer (RISC) microprocessor, compatible with open-source software. This design facilitates integration with various software development tools, making it versatile for different applications.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Supersolid-Light-16-March-2024\"><\/span><strong>Supersolid Light<\/strong>: 16 March 2024<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Context:<\/strong> Recent advancements in quantum physics have revealed a remarkable phenomenon \u2013\u00a0light\u00a0can be transformed into a \u201csupersolid.\u201d<\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Key Facts<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>This breakthrough, achieved by Italian researchers, marks a new phase of matter that combines the properties of solids and superfluids.<\/li>\n<li>The implications of this discovery extend to various fields, including quantum computing and materials science.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>About Supersolid Light<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>A supersolid is an exotic state of matter that exhibits both solid-like rigidity and the ability to flow without friction.<\/li>\n<li>Previously, this state was only observed in Bose-Einstein condensates, which require extreme cooling. The recent research demonstrates that light can also achieve this state, altering our understanding of light and matter.<\/li>\n<li>Researchers employed innovative quantum techniques to create a supersolid state in light. They used a semiconductor platform to manipulate photons similar to electron behaviour in conductors. By firing a laser into a gallium arsenide structure with microscopic ridges, they produced hybrid light-matter particles called polaritons. As photon density increased, satellite condensates formed, indicating supersolid behaviour.<\/li>\n<li>The discovery of supersolid light holds immense potential for quantum technology. It could enhance the stability of quantum bits (qubits), crucial for quantum computing advancements. Additionally, the ability to manipulate light in this manner may revolutionise optical devices and photonic circuits, paving the way for breakthroughs in fundamental quantum mechanics research.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Chandrayaan-5-Mission-17-March-2024\"><\/span><strong>Chandrayaan-5 Mission<\/strong>: 17 March 2024<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Context:<\/strong> The Indian government has approved the Chandrayaan-5 mission to study the Moon.<\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Chandrayaan Missions<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong>Chandrayaan-1 (<\/strong>2008): Made chemical, mineralogical, and photo-geological maps of the Moon in<\/li>\n<li><strong>Chandrayaan-2 (2019):<\/strong>\u00a0Its lander crashed, but the orbiter sent hundreds of images of the Moon\u2019s surface.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Chandrayaan-3 (2023)<\/strong>: It was a follow-on mission to <a href=\"https:\/\/study.madeeasy.in\/gk\/5-to-11-february-2025-weekly-current-affairs\/#Chandrayaan-4-6-February-2025\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Chandrayaan-2<\/a>, to demonstrate end-to-end capability in safe landing and roving on the lunar surface. It was able to have the Vikram lander successfully soft-land on the moon\u2019s south pole region on August 23, 2023.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Chandrayaan-4 Mission:\u00a0<\/strong>It is expected to be launched in 2027. It will aim to collect samples of the lunar soil from the moon and bring the back to the earth for further study.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Chandrayaan-5 Collaboration with Japan:<\/strong> The mission will be conducted in association with Japan. Unlike the Chandrayaan-3 mission, which carried a 25-kg rover, Chandrayaan-5 will carry a 250-kg rover to study the Moon\u2019s surface.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Five-Eyes-Intelligence-Alliance-17-March-2024\"><\/span><strong>Five Eyes Intelligence Alliance<\/strong>: 17 March 2024<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Context<\/strong>: The Five Eyes intelligence alliance is facing challenges due to shifts in U.S. foreign policy during the Presidency of Donald Trump.<\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>About Five Eyes Intelligence Alliance<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>It is one of the most powerful and secretive intelligence-sharing alliances in the world, comprising the\u00a0United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Origins and Evolution:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>The foundation of Five Eyes was laid during the\u00a0Second World War\u00a0when the\u00a0US and UK signed the UKUSA Agreement in 1946, formalizing their intelligence-sharing mechanism.<\/li>\n<li>Canada (1948), Australia (1956), and New Zealand (1956) later joined, creating a trusted circle of\u00a0Anglo-Saxon nations\u00a0dedicated to seamless intelligence collaboration.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Initially focused on monitoring Soviet communications during the Cold War, the alliance adapted over time to cover terrorism, cyber warfare, and threats from rising global powers.<\/li>\n<li>It operates primarily through agencies such as:\n<ul>\n<li><strong>United States:\u00a0<\/strong>National Security Agency (NSA)<\/li>\n<li><strong>United Kingdom:\u00a0<\/strong>Government Communications Headquarters (GCHQ)<\/li>\n<li><strong>Canada:\u00a0<\/strong>Communications Security Establishment (CSE)<\/li>\n<li><strong>Australia:\u00a0<\/strong>Australian Signals Directorate (ASD)<\/li>\n<li><strong>New Zealand:\u00a0<\/strong>Government Communications Security Bureau (GCSB)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>It uses advanced<strong>\u00a0surveillance tools such as the ECHELON system,\u00a0<\/strong>a vast global interception network capable of monitoring communications across various platforms, including emails, phone calls, and online activities.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"RBIs-Pravaah-and-Sarthi-Initiatives-17-March-2024\"><\/span><strong>RBI\u2019s Pravaah and Sarthi Initiatives<\/strong>: 17 March 2024<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Context<\/strong>: Recently, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has been awarded the Digital Transformation Award 2025 for Digital Initiatives by Central Banking, London.<\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Digital Initiatives By RBI<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>The award highlights the RBI\u2019s commitment to innovation and efficiency in governance through its groundbreaking digital initiatives, Pravaah and Sarthi.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Sarthi System:<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>It is an internal workflow digitization system that has streamlined record management, automated processes, and enhanced data analysis.<\/li>\n<li>It has eliminated the reliance on manual paperwork, boosting operational efficiency across RBI departments by enabling secure digital submissions and improving collaboration.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Pravaah System:<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>It serves as a digital regulatory application platform for external users. It allows seamless submission and processing of regulatory applications, integrating directly with the Sarthi database.<\/li>\n<li>It has significantly reduced paperwork, enhanced transparency, and improved cybersecurity in financial documentation.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"SpaDeX-Satellites-18-March-2024\"><\/span><strong>SpaDeX Satellites<\/strong>: 18 March 2024<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Context: <\/strong>Nearly two months after ISRO successfully docked two satellites in space, it carried out an undocking procedure recently.<\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Key Highlights<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>This makes\u00a0India the fourth country after the US, Russia, and China\u00a0to demonstrate space\u00a0docking and undocking capabilities.<\/li>\n<li>To demonstrate this capability, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.madeeasy.in\/isro-exam-answer-key-with-detailed-solutions\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ISRO<\/a> launched the\u00a0experimental SpaDex mission on December 30, 2024.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>About Space Docking<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>Space docking is the process of\u00a0bringing two fast-moving spacecraft into the same orbit, gradually bringing them closer, and physically joining them together.<\/li>\n<li>This is a highly complex maneuver requiring precise navigation, automated control, and real-time adjustments.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Benefits:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong>Enabling Heavy Space Missions:<\/strong>Large spacecraft cannot be launched in one go due to weight limitations.<\/li>\n<li>Docking allows modular spacecraft assembly in orbit, similar to the International Space Station (ISS).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Critical for Future Human Spaceflight:<\/strong>Essential for transporting astronauts &amp; supplies to India\u2019s planned space station by 2035.<\/li>\n<li>Key to India\u2019s crewed lunar missions (by 2040) under Gaganyaan &amp; future Moon missions.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Supports Lunar Sample Return Missions:\u00a0<\/strong>Chandrayaan-4, India\u2019s future mission to bring back lunar soil and rock samples, will rely on docking technology.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Advancing In-Space Servicing &amp; Robotics:\u00a0<\/strong>Enables repairing, upgrading, and refueling satellites in orbit without launching new ones.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>About India\u2019s Space Docking Experiment (SpaDeX)<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong>Objective:<\/strong>\u00a0To demonstrate in-space docking, rendezvous, and undocking capabilities.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Satellites Used:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>SDX01 (Chaser Satellite)<\/strong>: Actively approached and docked with the target.<\/li>\n<li><strong>SDX02 (Target Satellite):<\/strong>\u00a0Served as the docking module.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Launch Vehicle:\u00a0<\/strong>PSLV-C60<\/li>\n<li><strong>Orbit:\u00a0<\/strong>470 km circular orbit<\/li>\n<li><strong>Developed by:\u00a0<\/strong>UR Rao Satellite Centre (URSC), Bengaluru, with support from other ISRO centers.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"National-Mission-on-Monuments-and-Antiquities-NMMA-18-March-2024\"><\/span><strong>National Mission on Monuments and Antiquities (NMMA)<\/strong>: 18 March 2024<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Context<\/strong>: The\u00a0National Mission on Monuments and Antiquities (NMMA)\u00a0aims to create a comprehensive national database, ensuring the preservation of India\u2019s rich cultural legacy.<\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Key Facts<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>India is\u00a0one of the largest repositories of tangible heritage, with monuments, sites, and antiquities spanning from prehistoric times to the colonial era.<\/li>\n<li>While various organizations like the ASI, State Archaeology Departments, and INTACH have documented parts of this heritage, much remains scattered or undocumented. The\u00a0absence of a unified database makes research, conservation, and management challenging.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>National Mission on Monuments and Antiquities (NMMA)<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Established in 2007, the NMMA is responsible for the digitization and documentation of India\u2019s built heritage and antiquities.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Budget Allocation:\u00a0<\/strong>Rs. 20 lakh were allocated for NMMA in the FY 2024-25.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Objectives:\u00a0<\/strong>Documenting and creating a national database of built heritage, monuments, and antiquities for better management and research.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Enhancing collaboration between the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI), state departments, and other stakeholders.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>To read all the current affairs of the last year, click on the link below:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">&#x1f517;<a class=\"melinkbtn\" href=\"https:\/\/www.madeeasy.in\/weekly-current-affairs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Download the Complete Current Affairs PDF for Free Now!<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Must Read:<\/strong> &#x1f517; <strong><a class=\"melinkbtn\" href=\"https:\/\/study.madeeasy.in\/gk\/26th-february-to-4th-march-2025-weekly-current-affairs\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">26th FEB to 4th MAR 2025 Weekly Current Affairs<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"MADE-EASY-Offline-and-Online-Courses\"><\/span>MADE EASY Offline and Online Courses<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<table class=\"table table-striped table-bordered table-condensed\" style=\"margin: 0 auto; width: 99%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th colspan=\"2\">MADE EASY Classroom &amp; Live-Online Courses: Enroll Now &#x1f447;<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\n<h4><strong>Classroom Courses<\/strong><\/h4>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/www.madeeasy.in\/home\/ClassroomGATE\/Regular\">GATE<\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/www.madeeasy.in\/home\/classroom-study-course\/Regular\">GATE+ESE<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/www.madeeasy.in\/1-year-foundation-course-for-gate-ses-gs\">GATE+SES<\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/www.madeeasy.in\/1-year-foundation-classroom-course-ots-ese-gate\">GATE+ESE+SES<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/www.madeeasy.in\/home\/ies-ese-mains-exclusive-batches\">Conventional Course<\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/www.madeeasy.in\/ese-mains-test-series\">Offline Test Series<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/www.madeeasy.in\/home\/Gs-Eng-Technical-Subjects-Batches\/Regular\">G.S. &amp; Engg. 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