{"id":3879,"date":"2024-09-19T17:57:50","date_gmt":"2024-09-19T12:27:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/study.madeeasy.in\/?p=3879"},"modified":"2025-08-11T15:00:08","modified_gmt":"2025-08-11T09:30:08","slug":"indian-timber-trees","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.madeeasy.in\/study\/ce\/construction-materials\/indian-timber-trees","title":{"rendered":"Indian Timber Trees"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">Various Indian timber trees are as follows:<\/h2>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">1. Babul:<\/h3>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>It is used for bodies and wheels of bullock carts, agricultural instruments, tool handles, well kerbs, etc.<\/li>\n<li>It is used for making cabinets.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">2. Banyan:<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">It is used for aerial roots for tent poles, well curbs, etc.<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">3. Benteak:<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">It is used for building construction, boat <a href=\"https:\/\/study.madeeasy.in\/subjects\/what-is-construction-material\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">construction<\/a>, furniture, etc.<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">4. Deodar:<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">It is used for making cheap furniture, railway carriages, railway sleepers, packing boxes, structural work, etc.<\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\">5. Guava:<\/h4>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">It is used for making toys, handles of instruments, engraving work, etc.<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">6. Hopea:<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">It is used for ordinary house construction, railway sleepers, piles, boat building, etc.<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">7. Kathal:<\/h3>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>It is not attacked by white ants.<\/li>\n<li>It is used for piles, platforms of wooden bridges, door and window panels, etc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\">8. Mulberry:<\/h4>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">It is strong, tough and elastic. It takes up a clean finish. It can be well seasoned. It is turned and carved easily. Its weight after seasoning is about 650 kg\/m3. It is found in Punjab. It is used for baskets and sport goods like hockey sticks, tennis rackets, cricket bats, etc.<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">9. Oak:<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">It is used for preparing sport goods.<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">10. Rosewood or Blackwood:<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">It is used for furniture of superior quality, cabinet work ornamental carvings, etc.<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">11. Sal:<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">It is used for railway sleepers, ship building, bridges, structural work, etc. Sal poles are used as foundation piles.<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">12. Sissoo:<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">It is used for high class furniture, plywoods, bridge piles, sport goods, railway sleepers, etc. It is a very good material for decorative works and carvings.<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">13. Toon:<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">It is used for furniture, packing boxes, cabinet making, door panels, etc.<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">WROUGHT IRON<\/h3>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>It is obtained by removing impurities from the cast iron and is considered to be the pure iron.<\/li>\n<li>The total impurities are limited to 0.5% with maximum carbon content of 0.15%, silicon 0.15 &#8211; 0.2%, phosphorous 0.12 &#8211; 0.16%, sulphur 0.02 &#8211; 0.03%, manganese 0.03 &#8211; 0.1%.<\/li>\n<li>It is produced in a reverberatory (or puddling) furnace.<\/li>\n<li>The molten iron is first refined by blasting air in the furnace.<\/li>\n<li>The metal is then cooled down and poured into moulds. This metal becomes brittle.<\/li>\n<li>This metal is melted in furnace where the metal melts due to burning of gas.<\/li>\n<li>After melting, puddle balls are produced which are sent for shingling.<\/li>\n<li>The balls are sent to groove rollers to form flat bars. This process is repeated several times to remove the impurities.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\">Properties of Wrought Iron<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">It is ductile, malleable, tough and is moderately elastic (modulus of elasticity 1.86 x 10<sup>6<\/sup> N\/mm<sup>2<\/sup>).<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Its ultimate compressive strength is about 200 N\/mm2 and tensile strength is about 40 N\/mm<sup>2<\/sup>.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Transverse to the direction of rolling, the tensile strength ranges from 60 &#8211; 85% of its tensile strength in longitudinal direction.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Melting point of wrought iron is 1500\u00b0C and specific gravity 7.8.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Unlike cast iron, it can be forged and welded.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">It resists corrosion effectively.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">It is tough and can withstand shocks.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">At a temperature of about 900\u00b0C, it becomes so soft that its two pieces can be joined by hammering.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Alloying elements that are used with wrought iron are nickel (Ni), copper (Cu) and molybdenum (Mo).<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Nickel in quantities of about 1.5 &#8211; 3.5% substantially increases the elastic limit and tensile strength.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Nickel also helps in preventing the reduction of impact strength at sub-zero temperatures.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/study.madeeasy.in\/me\/strength-of-materials\/stress-strain-graph\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Copper<\/a> when added to wrought iron increases the corrosion resistance property.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a class=\"btn btn-danger\" role=\"button\" href=\"https:\/\/study.madeeasy.in\/ce\/construction-materials\/type-of-shakes\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">&lt;&lt; Previous<\/a> | <a class=\"btn btn-success\" role=\"button\" href=\"https:\/\/study.madeeasy.in\/ce\/construction-materials\/heat-treatment\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> Next &gt;&gt;<\/a><br \/>\n<strong> Must Read: <\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/study.madeeasy.in\/subjects\/what-is-construction-material\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>What is Construction Material?<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Various Indian timber trees are as follows: 1. Babul: It is used for bodies and wheels of bullock carts, agricultural<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1088,2],"tags":[1128,1130,1129,1127],"class_list":["post-3879","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-construction-materials","category-ce","tag-banyan","tag-hopea","tag-sissoo","tag-wrought-iron"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.madeeasy.in\/study\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3879","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.madeeasy.in\/study\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.madeeasy.in\/study\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.madeeasy.in\/study\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.madeeasy.in\/study\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3879"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.madeeasy.in\/study\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3879\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.madeeasy.in\/study\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3879"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.madeeasy.in\/study\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3879"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.madeeasy.in\/study\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3879"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}